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Bottle, Glass, Fork
''Bottle, Glass, Fork'' (otherwise known as ''Bouteille, Verre, et Fourchette'') is a painting by Pablo Picasso (1881–1973). It was painted in the spring of 1912, at the height of the development of analytic Cubism. ''Bottle, Glass, Fork'' is one of the best representations of the point in Picasso's career when his Cubist painting reached almost full abstraction. The analytic phase of Cubism was an original art movement developed by Picasso and his contemporary Georges Braque (1882–1963) and lasted from 1908-1912. Like ''Bottle, Glass, Fork'', the paintings of this movement are characterized by little use of color, and a complex, elegant composition of small, fragmented, tightly interwoven planes within an all-over composition of broader planes. While the figures in ''Bottle, Glass, Fork'' can be difficult to discern, the objects do emerge after careful study of the painting.
The painting is displayed in the Cleveland Museum of Art.
==The painting==
''Glass, Bottle, Fork'' was painted with oils on canvas, in monochromatic shades of brown, grey, black, and white. The painting itself takes an oval shape, although it is now placed in a rectangular frame that measures 93 cm tall and 76 cm wide (37 inches tall and 30 inches wide).〔 ''Glass, Bottle, Fork'' can be seen in the Cleveland Museum of Art in Cleveland, Ohio, with other notable paintings by Picasso, including La Vie (1903), Woman in a Cape (1901), and Harlequin with Violin (1918). Picasso's purpose in painting ''Glass, Bottle, Fork'' was to examine a still-life of everyday objects in terms of flat planes, thoroughly redefining their structural and spatial relationships. Picasso avoided the use of strong color in this analytical painting, instead relying on the contrasts of tonal shading in brown, gray, black and white to create forms and strengthen spatial interaction. There is no clear perspective in the painting, although a shallow sense of space can be discerned through the overlapping shapes and forms, which creates a step-by-step movement back into the picture plane. The viewer's eye is guided around the painting and into the center by the presence of curving black lines that mimic the oval shape of the canvas, although the composition remains chiefly architectural.〔 Bottle, Glass, Fork presents a highly ordered structure that is meant to represent a still-life of objects arranged on a café table, although the forms are initially difficult to distinguish.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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